More from Phil Stenholm – Part 1, Part 2
On May 23, 1881, the Village Board of Trustees received a letter that had been delivered earlier that day to the Fire Marshal:
“To: W. R. Bailey, Esq.
Fire Marshal of the Village of Evanston
Sir:
The members of the Evanston Fire Department—specifically the Pioneer and C. J. Gilbert hose companies—have learned that the village trustees have refused to meet the department’s requirements. In response, these two companies, meeting jointly, have decided to resign from the Evanston Fire Department immediately.
However, the members will still respond to any fire alarms for the next 15 days, but not as firefighters, only as concerned citizens.
A. Simpson, Foreman, C. J. Gilbert Fire Co.
A. Hallstrom, Foreman, Pioneer Hose Co.
May 23, 1881â€
As requested, Chief Bailey delivered the letter to the board. It was reported that the trustees accepted it without comment. If the goal was to pressure the board into meeting the fire department's needs, the firefighters were left disappointed.
But this wasn’t the first time the hose companies felt ignored by the village board. Disputes over uniforms, equipment, or even the board’s lack of interest in collecting the 2% tax on “foreign†insurance companies operating in Evanston—a tax that could have funded compensation for the firemen—had long frustrated the Pioneers and the Gilberts. The final blow came when the board officially recognized the Evanston Hook & Ladder Company for service with the EFD on April 21, 1881.
The new hook & ladder company had been in training for just a short time, but the board rushed to accept them after a tragic fire at the William Enders home on April 19th claimed the lives of two children. This was believed to be the first fire-related deaths in Evanston since the formation of the Pioneer Fire Company in 1873. Some speculated that a properly trained hook & ladder crew might have saved the children.
The Pioneers and the Gilberts strongly opposed the new company, especially since they had originally proposed the idea of a hook & ladder unit in 1875. They wanted control over its membership and training, and even suggested naming it the "Pioneer Hook & Ladder Company." But the board kept the new company separate from both the Pioneers and the Gilberts, likely to prevent either group from gaining more influence.
The unity shown in their joint letter marked a rare moment in an otherwise competitive relationship between the two hose companies. Prior to this, they had only met together during emergencies. Now, they stood together in defiance.
After the resignation, the Police & Fire Committee was tasked with developing a new fire protection plan. They brought in Chief Denis Swenie of the Chicago Fire Department for advice. Within a week, the committee presented a report with several key recommendations:
1. Purchase 1,000 feet of high-quality 2-1/2 inch hose, a four-wheeled horse-drawn hose cart, and a horse (which could also be used by the street department).
2. Replace the volunteer fire companies with a paid department of about four to six men, with additional reserves for large fires.
The committee noted that Chief Swenie believed a paid department would be more cost-effective than the current volunteer system, as fewer people meant less need for gear and supplies.
However, it’s worth noting that Chief Swenie may have had his own biases. Chicago had disbanded many of its volunteer companies in 1858 after a violent riot over the introduction of steam fire engines. These engines required fewer firefighters, reducing the political power of the volunteer groups.
Despite the quick report, the plan was delayed for nearly four months. When the board finally met in late September 1881, they initially agreed that volunteers should be compensated. But after three hours of debate, they reversed course, deciding to keep the fire department fully volunteer, with no pay for its members.
The board cited financial constraints, saying they couldn’t make the change until the next fiscal year.
The new volunteer fire department included a 15-man hook & ladder company, a 30-man hose company (led by the street department, not the Fire Marshal), and a chemical company made up of eight merchants using an old, unused engine. But the plan never really took shape.
The so-called hose company had no structure or training, and the hook & ladder team, though organized, wasn’t equipped for fire suppression. The chemical company was never formed at all.
By November 1, 1881, the fire department had suffered a few embarrassing failures, with volunteers failing to respond or arriving too late. Fire Marshal Bob Bailey offered to resign, but the board convinced him to stay, promising better plans for 1882.
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