According to the report of the German Automotive Weekly, the sales volume of the Volkswagen Group declined in the first half of this year, which was the first half-year sales growth in the past five and a half years.
In the first half of this year, Volkswagen's 12 brands sold a total of 5.04 million vehicles, a decrease of 0.5% year-on-year.
This is the first half-year sales decline of the Volkswagen Group since the end of 2009, mainly due to the slowdown in the development of the automotive market led by the Chinese auto market.
Christian Klingler, Volkswagen's director of sales and marketing, said that the development of the car market in China, South America and Russia has slowed down or even dropped significantly. He said that the current auto market changes have seriously affected the group sales led by the Volkswagen core brand.
China is the most important market for the Volkswagen Group and the Volkswagen brand, and one-third of the Group’s sales are dependent on China. In June, sales in China fell by 3.9%, and sales of Volkswagen brand fell by 6.7%.
The Group's core brands are weak. Most of the brands under the Volkswagen Group are inevitably experiencing a decline in sales. In June, the Volkswagen Group delivered 470,700 new vehicles, down 8.6% year-on-year. New car deliveries fell by 3.9% in the first half of the year.
Pneumatic cylinders (sometimes known as air cylinders) are mechanical devices which use the power of compressed gas to produce a force in a reciprocating linear motion.
Like hydraulic cylinders, something forces a piston to move in the desired direction. The piston is a disc or cylinder, and the piston rod transfers the force it develops to the object to be moved. Engineers sometimes prefer to use pneumatics because they are quieter, cleaner, and do not require large amounts of space for fluid storage.
Because the operating fluid is a gas, leakage from a Pneumatic Cylinder will not drip out and contaminate the surroundings, making pneumatics more desirable where cleanliness is a requirement. For example, in the mechanical puppets of the Disney Tiki Room, pneumatics are used to prevent fluid from dripping onto people below the puppets.
Once actuated, compressed air enters into the tube at one end of the piston and, hence, imparts force on the piston. Consequently, the piston becomes displaced (moved) by the compressed air expanding in an attempt to reach atmospheric pressure.
Although pneumatic cylinders will vary in appearance, size and function, they generally fall into one of the specific categories shown below. However there are also numerous other types of pneumatic cylinder available, many of which are designed to fulfill specific and specialized functions.
Pneumatic Cylinder
Single Acting Cylinders, Telescoping Cylinder, Double Acting Cylinders, Telescoping Pneumatic Cylinder
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